OK, I can't name names for PR sake, buta close friend of mine is a manager at a major company and one of his employees recentlyannounced that they identify as a cat. You read that right, she feels like a feline trapped in a woman's body. Now, this is uncharted territory for this manager friend of mine and after looking into it, he has to comply with reasonable accommodations and full acceptance so long as it does not interfere with her tasks at work. In the words of the great Pauly D, "what a country".

Now, I just read in the Herald Sunthat this cat identity thing it is not just us, there's a studentin Australia that says she identifies as a cat andher school has to deal with it.

Kids have to find themselves right? We all try on different identities to figure out who we are and what we like. I knew someone who was a cowboy one year and the next year he came back into school with droopy jeans and rapper swag. I did it too, I was a dancer in high school and I was mad that I was not on the show Fame so I protested by wearing ballet slippers as shoes (Leroy would have understood me). Anyway, Weve all been there but where do we draw the line? There are always people pushing the proverbial envelope and this one is really over the top.

The student in Australia I was telling you about declared that she identifies as a cat and the school is allowing her to live her truth. The school actually granted her the right to be non-verbal and to act feline. The school'sonly boundary? Her identitycant be a distraction to the other students learning.Are you kidding me? Im distracted and Im not even in the room.

I mean, how far does this thing go? Are they going to put a litter box in the corner of the classroom? The school says that they have no precedent for this kind of identity claim and they are figuringit out as it comes. They did admit that as more students come out as animals they will have to draft some rules. WTH?

Another school in Brisbane allowed multiple students to walk on all fours and cut holes in their uniforms to make room for their tails. Im sorry, we are all different, but the one thing we do have in common is that we are all human.

Is this going to fly in New Jersey schools? Are there any teachers dealing with this locally? Would you want your school to allow all of this? Email me shannon.holly@townsquaremedia.com

By the way, I don't want to ignore man's best friend with all this cat talk. Be careful you don't feed your dog any of these human foods or you can make them super sick!

To prepare yourself for a potential incident, always keep your vet's phone number handy, along with an after-hours clinic you can call in an emergency. The ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center also has a hotline you can call at (888) 426-4435 for advice.

Even with all of these resources, however, the best cure for food poisoning is preventing it in the first place. To give you an idea of what human foods can be dangerous, Stacker has put together a slideshow of 30 common foods to avoid. Take a look to see if there are any that surprise you.

Link:
Are Students In NJ Going To Be Allowed To Identify As Cats? - 943thepoint.com

Grocery prices have skyrocketed over the last few years and while you're looking to save money you need to be careful. There are a few things you definitely do not want to eat after their expiration date.

When you were a child did you ever reach into the fridge for something and notice the item was past its expiration date? I feel like the famous line from parents and grandparents was, "does it smell ok?" Is thisreally the best idea when it comes to food that might need to be tossed?

Akdemirhk; ThinkStock

If you spot mold on it, that's probably a good indicator if the scent isn't enough. The visible text could be another sign but not always. When I was a kid I was always getting in trouble for tossing out french onion dip. In my little mind, that water in the container meant I should throwit away. It wasn't until into my 20s that I accepted it just needed to be stirred.

Do you know which items in your fridge should be thrown away when their expiration date hits? You might be surprised by this.

Soft cheeses like Velveeta, feta, brie, blue, and queso fresco need to be given the ol' heave-ho. This is especially important if they're made with unpasteurized milk.)

A variety of packages of ground beef at the supermarket

Whole meats may be OK to keep after their expiration dates but ground meats are not, they're more likely to have contamination.

Believe it or not, chicken breasts come from the store with a whole lot of bacteria. Once that expiration date is passed, toss it. Alfalfa sprouts and eggs also made the list.

[h/t Prevention]

To prepare yourself for a potential incident, always keep your vet's phone number handy, along with an after-hours clinic you can call in an emergency. The ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center also has a hotline you can call at (888) 426-4435 for advice.

Even with all of these resources, however, the best cure for food poisoning is preventing it in the first place. To give you an idea of what human foods can be dangerous, Stacker has put together a slideshow of 30 common foods to avoid. Take a look to see if there are any that surprise you.

See the article here:
Hey Illinois, There Are 5 Foods You Need To Throw Out After Their Expiration Dates - q985online.com

Country

United States of AmericaUS Virgin IslandsUnited States Minor Outlying IslandsCanadaMexico, United Mexican StatesBahamas, Commonwealth of theCuba, Republic ofDominican RepublicHaiti, Republic ofJamaicaAfghanistanAlbania, People's Socialist Republic ofAlgeria, People's Democratic Republic ofAmerican SamoaAndorra, Principality ofAngola, Republic ofAnguillaAntarctica (the territory South of 60 deg S)Antigua and BarbudaArgentina, Argentine RepublicArmeniaArubaAustralia, Commonwealth ofAustria, Republic ofAzerbaijan, Republic ofBahrain, Kingdom ofBangladesh, People's Republic ofBarbadosBelarusBelgium, Kingdom ofBelizeBenin, People's Republic ofBermudaBhutan, Kingdom ofBolivia, Republic ofBosnia and HerzegovinaBotswana, Republic ofBouvet Island (Bouvetoya)Brazil, Federative Republic ofBritish Indian Ocean Territory (Chagos Archipelago)British Virgin IslandsBrunei DarussalamBulgaria, People's Republic ofBurkina FasoBurundi, Republic ofCambodia, Kingdom ofCameroon, United Republic ofCape Verde, Republic ofCayman IslandsCentral African RepublicChad, Republic ofChile, Republic ofChina, People's Republic ofChristmas IslandCocos (Keeling) IslandsColombia, Republic ofComoros, Union of theCongo, Democratic Republic ofCongo, People's Republic ofCook IslandsCosta Rica, Republic ofCote D'Ivoire, Ivory Coast, Republic of theCyprus, Republic ofCzech RepublicDenmark, Kingdom ofDjibouti, Republic ofDominica, Commonwealth ofEcuador, Republic ofEgypt, Arab Republic ofEl Salvador, Republic ofEquatorial Guinea, Republic ofEritreaEstoniaEthiopiaFaeroe IslandsFalkland Islands (Malvinas)Fiji, Republic of the Fiji IslandsFinland, Republic ofFrance, French RepublicFrench GuianaFrench PolynesiaFrench Southern TerritoriesGabon, Gabonese RepublicGambia, Republic of theGeorgiaGermanyGhana, Republic ofGibraltarGreece, Hellenic RepublicGreenlandGrenadaGuadaloupeGuamGuatemala, Republic ofGuinea, RevolutionaryPeople's Rep'c ofGuinea-Bissau, Republic ofGuyana, Republic ofHeard and McDonald IslandsHoly See (Vatican City State)Honduras, Republic ofHong Kong, Special Administrative Region of ChinaHrvatska (Croatia)Hungary, Hungarian People's RepublicIceland, Republic ofIndia, Republic ofIndonesia, Republic ofIran, Islamic Republic ofIraq, Republic ofIrelandIsrael, State ofItaly, Italian RepublicJapanJordan, Hashemite Kingdom ofKazakhstan, Republic ofKenya, Republic ofKiribati, Republic ofKorea, Democratic People's Republic ofKorea, Republic ofKuwait, State ofKyrgyz RepublicLao People's Democratic RepublicLatviaLebanon, Lebanese RepublicLesotho, Kingdom ofLiberia, Republic ofLibyan Arab JamahiriyaLiechtenstein, Principality ofLithuaniaLuxembourg, Grand Duchy ofMacao, Special Administrative Region of ChinaMacedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic ofMadagascar, Republic ofMalawi, Republic ofMalaysiaMaldives, Republic ofMali, Republic ofMalta, Republic ofMarshall IslandsMartiniqueMauritania, Islamic Republic ofMauritiusMayotteMicronesia, Federated States ofMoldova, Republic ofMonaco, Principality ofMongolia, Mongolian People's RepublicMontserratMorocco, Kingdom ofMozambique, People's Republic ofMyanmarNamibiaNauru, Republic ofNepal, Kingdom ofNetherlands AntillesNetherlands, Kingdom of theNew CaledoniaNew ZealandNicaragua, Republic ofNiger, Republic of theNigeria, Federal Republic ofNiue, Republic ofNorfolk IslandNorthern Mariana IslandsNorway, Kingdom ofOman, Sultanate ofPakistan, Islamic Republic ofPalauPalestinian Territory, OccupiedPanama, Republic ofPapua New GuineaParaguay, Republic ofPeru, Republic ofPhilippines, Republic of thePitcairn IslandPoland, Polish People's RepublicPortugal, Portuguese RepublicPuerto RicoQatar, State ofReunionRomania, Socialist Republic ofRussian FederationRwanda, Rwandese RepublicSamoa, Independent State ofSan Marino, Republic ofSao Tome and Principe, Democratic Republic ofSaudi Arabia, Kingdom ofSenegal, Republic ofSerbia and MontenegroSeychelles, Republic ofSierra Leone, Republic ofSingapore, Republic ofSlovakia (Slovak Republic)SloveniaSolomon IslandsSomalia, Somali RepublicSouth Africa, Republic ofSouth Georgia and the South Sandwich IslandsSpain, Spanish StateSri Lanka, Democratic Socialist Republic ofSt. HelenaSt. Kitts and NevisSt. LuciaSt. Pierre and MiquelonSt. Vincent and the GrenadinesSudan, Democratic Republic of theSuriname, Republic ofSvalbard & Jan Mayen IslandsSwaziland, Kingdom ofSweden, Kingdom ofSwitzerland, Swiss ConfederationSyrian Arab RepublicTaiwan, Province of ChinaTajikistanTanzania, United Republic ofThailand, Kingdom ofTimor-Leste, Democratic Republic ofTogo, Togolese RepublicTokelau (Tokelau Islands)Tonga, Kingdom ofTrinidad and Tobago, Republic ofTunisia, Republic ofTurkey, Republic ofTurkmenistanTurks and Caicos IslandsTuvaluUganda, Republic ofUkraineUnited Arab EmiratesUnited Kingdom of Great Britain & N. IrelandUruguay, Eastern Republic ofUzbekistanVanuatuVenezuela, Bolivarian Republic ofViet Nam, Socialist Republic ofWallis and Futuna IslandsWestern SaharaYemenZambia, Republic ofZimbabwe

Read more:
Recruitment opens for Phase II trial in prostate cancer with Cu-64 SAR-Bombesin in the US - Tullahoma News and Guardian

A COURAGEOUS dad battling two cancers is taking on a 10k charity walk round Tatton Park.

Dad-of-two Jason Wilcox wants to thank The Christie for all their care and treatment.

The 46-year-old will be joining the Walk of Hope on Saturday, September 17, wife Jen and children Ella, 12, and Harry, nine, Families, friends and individuals will team up to support the hospital.

Lantern decorating, face painting and live music will entertain walkers before they set off.

Jason,was diagnosed with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in December 2019 after a tennis ball sized lump appeared on his neck.

As he was being treated for that, a routine PET scan in May 2022 found a rare neuroendocrine tumour.

READ >Alderley Edge woman banned from driving after 'repeat offending'

Following treatment at The Christie, the Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma is now in remission, but treatment for the neuroendocrine tumour is continuing.

Jason Wilcox wants to thank staff at The Christie for all their treatment and care

Jason started chemotherapy but when that didnt work he was referred to The Christie in January 2021 for a highly specialist treatment called CAR-T therapy.

This removing immune cells called T-cells through a sample of the patient's blood.

They are then reprogrammed in a laboratory to create cells that are genetically coded to recognise and destroy the patient's cancer cells. Jason was an inpatient at The Christie for five weeks during this treatment.

In September 2021, he joined a clinical trial for the drug epcoritamab.

Jason is currently waiting for a stem cell transplant.

This was delayed when he picked up a continuous cough after having Covid in July and doctors are currently investigating this before the stem cell transplant can go ahead.

Since July 2022, Jason has also been having hormone therapy injections to hopefully prevent his neuroendocrine tumour from getting bigger or spreading.

The plan is to have this tumour surgically removed once he has recovered from the stem cell transplant.

Jason said: I have always felt like the staff all really care about me. Everyone is friendly and approachable, during the good times and bad. It is good to know that Im in the best place with all the resources under the same roof.

The doctors and nurses are some of the best in the world and I couldnt ask for more.

Wife Jen, 46, said: Jason has spent the last 20 months receiving the very best care and support from The Christie.

His team have been a tremendous support and we have felt so well looked after.

The overwhelming feeling you get is they care and they want to do their best for every single patient.

Unless you have seen that up close you dont realise how much The Christie does for people with cancer and how much they rely on the fundraising.

We like to get out and about as much as possible as a family and have a dog who keeps us active, however, Jason isnt able to walk as far as he used to due to all the treatment hes had.

After everything that has been done for us, we wanted to do something as a family to support The Christie and The Walk of Hope seemed like an ideal opportunity.

Its family-friendly and sounds like itll be a wonderful evening whilst raising money for a very worthy cause.

Its unlikely that Jason will be able to complete the walk, however, he will be there to cheer us on.

Abbie Wicks, sporting events officer from The Christie charity said: We are very grateful to Jason, Jen, Ella and Harry for signing up to the Walk of Hope this year and for the fundraising they have already done to support our cancer patients.

The Walk of Hope is one of our most emotional and inspirational events each year with so many people walking in memory, in support or in hope.

Before the walk begins, we have lantern decorating, face painting and live entertainment.

This is followed by a peaceful dove release to start the walk. After taking in the stunning scenery of Tatton Park, the evening will finish with a chorus of live music.

To sign up for the Walk of Hope visit christie.nhs.uk/the-christie-charity/get-involved/fundraise/events/events-calendar/walk-of-hope

More:
'Doctors are best in the world' - Dad with two cancers walks to thank The Christie - Knutsford Guardian

Regenerative Therapies Market

The use of certain kinds of cells or cell products for sick organs or tissues is known as regenerative therapy. This procedure might eventually aid in the restoration of function of tissues and organs. It also includes the prospect of developing tissues and organs in the lab and then implanting them securely when the body is unable to mend itself. The lack of treatment requirements is the primary growth factor for the global regenerative therapies market. The formulation and acceptance of supporting legislation and policy measures are likely to boost government assistance for the treatment of numerous diseases across the world. It also comprises significant expenditures in regenerative medicines, such as commercialization centers, the establishment of research networks, centers of excellence and manufacturing infrastructure.

In addition to that, rising demand for stem cell and tissue-cell research methods, as well as the items developed using them is likely to propel the global regenerative therapies market forward in the years to come. These products are utilized to treat a wide variety of chronic diseases that do not have permanent cure. Nevertheless, a trend in the market has been seen in which corporations are shifting away from making synthetic pharmaceuticals and toward exploring potential for producing medications from an individuals own stem cells and tissues. The global regenerative therapies market, which is still in its early stages of commercialization, offers attractive investment possibilities provided by the private firms, regional governing bodies, and government bodies.

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Global Regenerative Therapies Market: Overview

The demand for regenerative therapies is growing markedly as regenerative medicines are considered promising to treat complex degenerative diseases. Growing government support to provide better and effective treatment for chronic disorders has also created growth opportunities for this market. Moreover, growing investment by private and government organizations that support research and development of stem cell and regenerative medicine, thus, fueling the markets growth. In addition, rising investment in research networks, manufacturing infrastructure, building commercialization centers, and centers for excellence are means indirectly supporting the growth of the regenerative therapies market at the global level.

The global regenerative therapies market is categorized on the basis of type of tissue, application, and end user. Based on end-user, the global market could be segmented into ambulatory surgical centers, educational institutes, and hospitals.

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The report elaborates on the key factors that are responsible for the growth of the regenerative therapies market. These factors include drivers, restraints, trends, and opportunities. Moreover, it provides an in-depth analysis of geography and on the key segments that are derived through factual knowledge.

Global Regenerative Therapies Market: Trends and Opportunities

The demand for regenerative therapies is expected to increase in the near future due to long-term effectiveness and safer results provided by it. Globally, people nowadays want fast treatment has also triggered the demand for regenerative therapies. The recent trend prevalent is by producing medicines with the help of tissues and stem cells derived from human body, this is expected to provide a fillip to the market. Moreover, growing investment from governments and private firms is likely to open new avenues for growth for manufacturers. Adding to it, manufacturers are shifting from synthetic drugs manufacturing to regenerative therapy drugs. Furthermore, the regenerative therapies are also used in treating ocular, neurological, autoimmune, orthopedic, rare and cardiovascular disorders.

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Global Regenerative Therapies Market: Geographic Analysis

The global regenerative therapies market is expected to find North America taking the drivers seat in terms of growth in the forthcoming years. Favorable government policies for regenerative therapies in Canada and in the United States is supporting the growth in this market. In addition to that, development of new clinical infrastructure and high penetration of tissue banks could likely increase the demand in the regenerative therapies market in the near future.

Asia Pacific is offering lucrative growth opportunities and is expected to rise at a healthy CAGR over the forecast tenure. Growing investment in healthcare research in the emerging economies is observed as a crucial driver for this market. On the other hand, the Middle East and Africa are expected to witness sluggish growth due to lack of suitable regulations in the region.

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Global Regenerative Therapies Market: Competitive Landscape

The vendor landscape presented in the report gives a complete information about the various players operating in the regenerative therapies market at the global level. To mention some of the prominent players in the market are Astellas Pharma U.S., Organovo Holdings Inc., Inc., Nuo Therapeutics, Inc., Acelity L.P. Inc., and Mesoblast Ltd. to meet the demand for unmet clinical needs these players are focusing on developing innovative novel therapies. They are also investing heavily in mergers and acquisitions to expand their geographical reach. This will further aid the companies to get a stronghold in the global market.

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Link:
Regenerative Therapies Market 2018 By Emerging Trends, Industry Share, Regional Overview and SWOT Analysis till 2026 - Digital Journal

A dad who found a "tennis ball sized lump" on his neck found out he had two life-threatening cancers at the same time.

In 2019, Jason Wilcox, 46, went for tests at Southport Hospital following a large lump that appeared on his neck. He was soon given the diagnosis of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, a rare cancer that develops in the lymphatic system.

But as he was being treated for that, three years later in May 2022, a routine PET scan discovered he had a rare neuroendocrine tumour, the Manchester Evening News reports. Following treatment at the Christie, the Assistant Manager at Howdens Joinery is now in remission for the Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, but is continuing treatment for the neuroendocrine tumour.

READ MORE: Ryanair air hostess fighting for life after being hit by car

Jason started chemotherapy at Southport and Ormskirk Hospital but was soon referred to The Christie Hospital in January 2021 for a highly specialist treatment called CAR-T therapy, where he remained as an inpatient for five-weeks. This treatment involves removing immune cells called T-cells through a sample of the patient's blood and reprogrammed.

In September that year, the dad battling two cancers joined a clinical trial for the drug epcoritamab. He is now hoping to have a stem cell transplant, which was delayed when Jason developed a cough after having covid in July.

The Southport dad said: "I have always felt like the staff all really care about me. Everyone is friendly and approachable, during the good times and bad. It is good to know that Im in the best place with all the resources under the same roof. The doctors and nurses are some of the best in the world and I couldnt ask for more."

Since July 2022, Jason has also been having hormone therapy injections once a month to hopefully prevent his neuroendocrine tumour from getting bigger or spreading. The plan is to have this tumour surgically removed once he has recovered from the stem cell transplant.

But the family, including wife Jen, and their two children Ella, 12, and Harry, nine, will be taking on a 10k walk to raise funds for the Manchester cancer treatment centre at Tatton Park n September 17. More information about the The Walk of Hope and how to get involved can be found here.

Wife of 13-years Jen added: "Jason has spent the last 20 months receiving the very best care and support from The Christie. His team have been a tremendous support and we have felt so well looked after.

"The overwhelming feeling you get is they care, and they want to do their best for every single patient. But unless you have seen that up close you dont realise how much The Christie does for people with cancer and how much they rely on the fundraising that The Christie charity does.

"We like to get out and about as much as possible as a family and have a dog who keeps us active, however, Jason isnt able to walk as far as he used to due to all the treatment hes had.

"After everything that has been done for us, we wanted to do something as a family to support The Christie and The Walk of Hope seemed like an ideal opportunity. Its family-friendly and sounds like itll be a wonderful evening whilst raising money for a very worthy cause. Its unlikely that Jason will be able to complete the walk, however, he will be there to cheer us on."

Abbie Wicks Sporting Events Officer from The Christie charity said: "We are very grateful to Jason, Jen, Ella and Harry for signing up to the Walk of Hope this year and for the fundraising they have already done to support our cancer patients. The Walk of Hope is one of our most emotional and inspirational events each year with so many people walking in memory, walking in support or walking in hope.

"Before the walk begins, we have lantern decorating, face painting and live entertainment. This is followed by a peaceful dove release to start the walk. After taking in the stunning scenery of Tatton Park, the evening will finish with a chorus of live music."

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More here:
Dad with 'tennis ball' sized lump finds out he has two cancers - Liverpool Echo

Scientists have created synthetic mouse embryos from stem cells without a dads sperm or a moms egg or womb.

The lab-created embryos mirror a natural mouse embryo up to 8 days after fertilization, containing the same structures, including one like a beating heart.

In the near term, researchers hope to use these so-called embryoids to better understand early stages of development and study mechanisms behind disease without the need for as many lab animals. The feat could also lay the foundation for creating synthetic human embryos for research in the future.

We are undoubtedly facing a new technological revolution, still very inefficient but with enormous potential, said Llus Montoliu, a research professor at the National Biotechnology Centre in Spain who is not part of the research. It is reminiscent of such spectacular scientific advances as the birth of Dolly the sheep and others.

A study published Thursday in thejournal Nature, by Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz at the California Institute of Technology and her colleagues, was the latest to describe the synthetic mouse embryos. A similar study, by Jacob Hanna at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel and his colleagues, waspublished earlier this monthin the journal Cell. Hanna was also a coauthor on the Nature paper.

Zernicka-Goetz, an expert in stem cell biology, said one reason to study the early stages of development is to get more insight into why the majority of human pregnancies are lost at an early stage and embryos created for in vitro fertilization fail to implant and develop in up to 70% of cases. Studying natural development is difficult for many reasons, she said, including the fact that very few human embryos are donated for research and scientists face ethical constraints.

Building embryo models is an alternative way to study these issues.

To create the synthetic embryos, or embryoids, described in the Nature paper, scientists combined embryonic stem cells and two other types of stem cells all from mice. They did this in the lab, using a particular type of dish that allowed the three types of cells to come together. While the embryoids they created werent all perfect, Zernicka-Goetz said, the best ones were indistinguishable from natural mouse embryos. Besides the heart-like structure, they also develop head-like structures.

This is really the first model that allows you to study brain development in the context of the whole developing mouse embryo, she said.

The roots of this work go back decades, and both Zernicka-Goetz and Hanna said their groups were working on this line of research for many years. Zernicka-Goetz said her group submitted its study to Nature in November.

Scientists said next steps include trying to coax the synthetic mouse embryos to develop past 8 days with the eventual goal of getting them to term, which is 20 days for a mouse.

At this point, they struggle to go past the 8 1/2-day mark, said Gianluca Amadei, a coauthor on the Nature paper based at the University of Cambridge. We think that we will be able to get them over the hump, so to speak, so they can continue developing.

The scientists expect that after about 11 days of development the embryo will fail without a placenta, but they hope researchers can someday also find a way to create a synthetic placenta. At this point, they dont know if they will be able to get the synthetic embryos all the way to term without a mouse womb.

Researchers said they dont see creating human versions of these synthetic embryos soon but do see it happening in time. Hanna called it the next obvious thing.

Other scientists have already used human stem cells tocreate a blastoid, a structure mimicking a pre-embryo, that can serve as a research alternative to a real one.

Such work is subject to ethical concerns. For decades, a 14-day rule on growing embryos in the lab growing human embryos in the lab has guided researchers. Last year, the International Society for Stem Cell Research recommended relaxing the rule under limited circumstances.

Scientists stress that growing a baby from a synthetic human embryo is neither possible nor under consideration.

Perspective on this report is important since, without it, the headline that a mammalian embryo has been built in vitro can lead to the thought that the same can be done with humans soon, said developmental biologist Alfonso Martinez Arias of the Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Spain, whose group has developed alternative stem cell based models of animal development.

In the future, similar experiments will be done with human cells and that, at some point, will yield similar results, he said. This should encourage considerations of the ethics and societal impact of these experiments before they happen.

See the original post here:
Scientists use stem cells to create synthetic mouse embryos

Scientists have created synthetic mouse embryos from stem cells without a dads sperm or a moms egg or womb.

The lab-created embryos mirror a natural mouse embryo up to 8 days after fertilization, containing the same structures, including one like a beating heart.

In the near term, researchers hope to use these so-called embryoids to better understand early stages of development and study mechanisms behind disease without the need for as many lab animals. The feat could also lay the foundation for creating synthetic human embryos for research in the future.

We are undoubtedly facing a new technological revolution, still very inefficient but with enormous potential, said Llus Montoliu, a research professor at the National Biotechnology Centre in Spain who is not part of the research. It is reminiscent of such spectacular scientific advances as the birth of Dolly the sheep and others.

A study published Thursday in the journal Nature, by Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz at the California Institute of Technology and her colleagues, was the latest to describe the synthetic mouse embryos. A similar study, by Jacob Hanna at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel and his colleagues, was published earlier this month in the journal Cell. Hanna was also a coauthor on the Nature paper.

Zernicka-Goetz, an expert in stem cell biology, said one reason to study the early stages of development is to get more insight into why the majority of human pregnancies are lost at an early stage and embryos created for in vitro fertilization fail to implant and develop in up to 70% of cases. Studying natural development is difficult for many reasons, she said, including the fact that very few human embryos are donated for research and scientists face ethical constraints.

Building embryo models is an alternative way to study these issues.

To create the synthetic embryos, or embryoids, described in the Nature paper, scientists combined embryonic stem cells and two other types of stem cells all from mice. They did this in the lab, using a particular type of dish that allowed the three types of cells to come together. While the embryoids they created werent all perfect, Zernicka-Goetz said, the best ones were indistinguishable from natural mouse embryos. Besides the heart-like structure, they also develop head-like structures.

This is really the first model that allows you to study brain development in the context of the whole developing mouse embryo, she said.

The roots of this work go back decades, and both Zernicka-Goetz and Hanna said their groups were working on this line of research for many years. Zernicka-Goetz said her group submitted its study to Nature in November.

Scientists said next steps include trying to coax the synthetic mouse embryos to develop past 8 days with the eventual goal of getting them to term, which is 20 days for a mouse.

At this point, they struggle to go past the 8 1/2-day mark, said Gianluca Amadei, a coauthor on the Nature paper based at the University of Cambridge. We think that we will be able to get them over the hump, so to speak, so they can continue developing.

The scientists expect that after about 11 days of development the embryo will fail without a placenta, but they hope researchers can someday also find a way to create a synthetic placenta. At this point, they dont know if they will be able to get the synthetic embryos all the way to term without a mouse womb.

Researchers said they dont see creating human versions of these synthetic embryos soon but do see it happening in time. Hanna called it the next obvious thing.

Other scientists have already used human stem cells to create a blastoid, a structure mimicking a pre-embryo, that can serve as a research alternative to a real one.

Such work is subject to ethical concerns. For decades, a 14-day rule on growing human embryos in the lab has guided researchers. Last year, the International Society for Stem Cell Research recommended relaxing the rule under limited circumstances.

Scientists stress that growing a baby from a synthetic human embryo is neither possible nor under consideration.

Perspective on this report is important since, without it, the headline that a mammalian embryo has been built in vitro can lead to the thought that the same can be done with humans soon, said developmental biologist Alfonso Martinez Arias of the Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Spain, whose group has developed alternative stem cell based models of animal development.

In the future, similar experiments will be done with human cells and that, at some point, will yield similar results, he said. This should encourage considerations of the ethics and societal impact of these experiments before they happen.

The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institutes Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content.

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Scientists Create Synthetic Mouse Embryos Using Stem Cells

The main function of red blood cells (also called erythrocytes) is to carry oxygen to the tissues, where it is required for cellular metabolism. Oxygen molecules attach themselves to carrier molecules, called hemoglobin, which are the iron-containing proteins in red blood cells that give the cells their red color. Oxygen is carried from the lungs and delivered to all body tissues by the hemoglobin within red blood cells. Oxygen is used by cells to produce energy that the body needs. Carbon dioxide is left behind as a waste product during this process. The red blood cells then carry that carbon dioxide away from the tissues and back to the lungs, where it is exhaled. When the number of red blood cells is too low, this is called anemia. Having too few red blood cells means the blood carries less oxygen, resulting in fatigue and weakness. When the number of red blood cells is too high, which is called polycythemia, blood can become too thick, impairing the ability of the heart to deliver oxygen throughout the body. An animals metabolism is geared to protect both the red blood cells and the hemoglobin from damage. Interference with the formation or release of hemoglobin, the production or survival of red blood cells, or their metabolism causes disease.

The total number of red cells, and thus the oxygen-carrying capacity, remains constant over time in healthy animals. Mature red blood cells have a limited life span; their production and destruction must be carefully balanced, or disease develops.

Production of red blood cells begins with stem cells in the bone marrow and ends with the release of mature red blood cells into the bodys circulation. Within the bone marrow, all blood cells begin from a single cell type called a stem cell. The stem cell divides to form immature forms of red blood cells, white blood cells, or a platelet-producing cell. Those immature cells then divide again, mature even more, and ultimately become red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets.

The rate of blood cell production is determined by the bodys needs. Erythropoietin, a hormone produced by the kidneys, stimulates development of red blood cells in the bone marrow. Erythropoietin increases if the body lacks oxygen (a condition called hypoxia). In most species, the kidney is both the sensor organ that determines how much oxygen the bodys tissues are receiving and the major site of erythropoietin production; so chronic kidney failure leads to anemia. Erythropoietin plays a major role in determining whether to increase the number of stem cells entering red blood cell production, to shorten maturation time of the red blood cells, or to cause early release of red blood cells. Other factors that affect red blood cell production are the supply of nutrients (such as iron and vitamins) and cell-cell interactions between compounds that aid in their production. Some disorders are the direct result of abnormal red blood cell metabolism. For example, an inherited enzyme deficiency reduces the life span of red blood cells and a condition known as hemolytic anemia Anemia in Dogs Anemia occurs when there is a decrease in the number of red blood cells, which can be measured by red blood cell count or hemoglobin concentration. It can develop from loss, destruction, or... read more .

It is important to remember that a decrease in the total number of red blood cells in the body (anemia) is a sign of disease, not a specific diagnosis. Anemia may be caused by blood loss, destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis), or decreased production. In severe blood loss anemia, red blood cells are lost, but death usually results from the loss of total blood volume, rather than from the lack of oxygen caused by loss of red blood cells. Hemolysis may be caused by toxins, infections, abnormalities present at birth, drugs, or antibodies that attack the red blood cells. In dogs the most common cause of serious hemolysis is an antibody directed against that dogs own red blood cells (immune-mediated hemolytic anemia).

Factors that may prevent red blood cell production include bone marrow failure or malignancy, loss of erythropoietin secondary to kidney failure, certain drugs or toxins, longterm debilitating diseases, or antibodies targeted at developing red blood cells. The outlook and treatment depend on the underlying cause of the anemia.

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Red Blood Cells of Dogs - Dog Owners - MSD Veterinary Manual

Academics and pharmaceutical companies hope that technology based on human cells will help them phase mice and monkeys out of their labs. From a report: The umbrella term for the new field is microphysiological systems or MPS, which includes tumoroids, organoids and organs-on-a-chip. Organoids are grown from stem cells to create 3D tissue in a dish resembling miniature human organs; heart organoids beat like the real thing, for example. Organs-on-a-chip are plastic blocks lined with stem cells and a circuit that stimulates the mechanics of an organ. "We need to move away from animals in a systematic way," says Salim Abdool Karim, South Africa's leading infectious disease expert. "That...involves regulators being given the data to show that non-animal biological systems will give us compatible, if not better, information." Nathalie Brandenburg co-founded Swiss start-up Sun Bioscience in 2016 to create standard versions of organoids, which makes it easier to trust that results are comparable, and convince scientists and regulators to use them. "When we started we had to tell people what organoids were," she says, referring to the early stage of her research journey.

In the past two years, and particularly as scientists emerged from lockdowns -- when many had time to read up on the technology -- demand from large pharmaceutical companies for Sun's products has soared, she says. Companies are becoming more interested in reducing their reliance on animals for ethical reasons, says Arron Tolley, chief executive of Aptamer Group, which creates artificial antibodies for use in diagnostics and drugs. "People are becoming more responsible now, from a corporate governance point of view, and looking to remove animal testing when necessary," he says. Using larger animals, such as monkeys, is particularly problematic, Tolley adds. "The bigger and cuter they get, the more people are aware of the impact." Rare diseases are especially fertile ground for models based on human tissues, says James Hickman, chief scientist at Hesperos, an organ-on-a-chip company based in Florida. "There are 7,000 rare diseases and only 400 are being actively researched because there are no animal models," Hickman says. "We're not just talking about replacing animals or reducing animals, these systems fill a void where animal models don't exist."

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Science is Getting Closer To a World Without Animal Testing - Slashdot