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Know all about types of blood cancer, its symptoms, diagnosis and treatment – DNA India

Blood cancer is a disorder that affects the production as well as the normal functioning of blood cells. The process of normal blood cell development is disturbed because of the uncontrolled growth of abnormal blood cells. These abnormal or cancerous cells disrupt the normal functions of blood components such as preventing bleeding and defending infections.

Blood Cancer (Haematopoietic malignancies) is one of the top 10 cancers in India and as per the latest Cancer Report of ICMR, it is estimated that by 2025 nearly 1.38 lakh people would be affected. Currently, around 1.25 lakh people are suffering from the disease which constitutes 9% of total cancers in the country.

While speaking about blood cancer, Dr Divya Bansal, Consultant - Clinical Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant, HCMCT Manipal Hospitals, New Delhi, said, "Blood is a liquid medium present throughout the body and not confined to a defined area, which makes blood cancers and their treatment very different from solid-organ cancers. There is a limited role of surgery and radiation therapy in the treatment of blood cancers, as they are thermosensitive."

She continued, "Chemotherapy treatment for blood cancers is much more intense in comparison to solid cancers and hence, their side effects. Also, the staging of blood cancers is very different from solid cancers and concept of metastasis is not applicable for blood cancers."

"In the case of blood cancers, prognostic risk stratification is important. Bone marrow transplant has a limited role in solid cancers but remains the curative treatment for blood cancers. This difference has actually led to the development of a completely different speciality for treatment of blood cancers i.e. Haemato-oncology, all over the world," Dr Divya Bansal added.

Meanwhile, in order for us to understand the types of blood cancers, its symptoms and treatment, Dr Divya Bansal carefully explained each one and helped us list them out.

Take a look.

Types of blood cancers

Leukaemia

This is caused by the fast production of abnormal white blood cells, and these abnormal are seen in blood and the bone marrow. A large number of abnormal WBCs are unable to defend infections.

Lymphoma

This is a type of blood cancer that involves the lymphatic system. Abnormal lymphocytes turn into lymphoma cells that multiply and get accumulated in the lymph nodes. Gradually, these cancer cells impair the immune system.

Myeloma

This affects the plasma cells, the cells that produce antibodies against disease in the body. Myeloma cells disturb the normal development of antibodies and make the body susceptible to infection.

Symptoms

- Fever- Weight loss- Loss of appetite- Bony pains- Bleeding from any sites- Generalised weakness and fatigue- Night sweats- Nodular swelling around the neck, axilla or groin- Abdominal swelling

Diagnosis

One can get the disease diagnosed with the help of a blood test, bone marrow aspiration, and biopsy. In cases of lymphoma, one must opt for a lymph node biopsy. Other options include PET-CT, specialized tests such as Flowcytometry or Immunohistochemistry, Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), Karyotyping and Next-generation sequencing (NGS) which is the latest technique of diagnosing and risk stratification of blood cancers.

Treatment

Chemotherapy

An oral or injectable drug that travels in the bloodstream throughout the body and kills the cancer cells. It damages cancer cells and stops division and growth of it, leading to their death.

Immunotherapy

It refers to agents that use the bodys immune system to help fight diseases such as blood cancer. It can work directly with your bodys immune system to stop or slow the growth of cancer cells. Biologic therapies include substances made by the body or in a lab. Cytokines, Gene therapy, and Immunomodulators, and Monoclonal antibodies are the main types of immunotherapy.

Targeted therapy

Therapies that target a certain genetic mutation known to occur in a specific blood cancer is called targeted therapy. Here, we target a protein that is present in cancer cells due to mutation. As soon as a mutation is identified, we can develop a treatment to target that target. Destroying cancer cells is the main aim of this therapy.

Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT)

It is a procedure where a damaged or non-functional bone marrow cells are replaced by healthy multipotent hematopoietic stem cells.

Overall, BMT remains the only curative treatment for most of the blood cancers. There are two types of bone marrow transplant procedure used in the treatment of blood cancers -- Autologous BMT, when patient's own stem cells are infused back after high dose chemotherapy, and, Allogenic BMT, when the source of stem cells is a healthy donor, either related or unrelated.

A few blood cancers if treated promptly and effectively can be managed well and even cured.

Examples of blood cancers which can be cured include Acute Promyelocytic leukaemia, Chronic myeloid leukaemia, Hairy cell leukaemia, and Paediatric Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

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Know all about types of blood cancer, its symptoms, diagnosis and treatment - DNA India

In-Depth Report on Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market 2020|by Top Key players Aratana Therapeutics, Okyanos, Magellan Stem Cells, Stem Cell Vet – The…

Global Canine Stem Cell TherapyMarket 2020-2026 Key Challenges. Industry Risks and Worldwide Opportunities during Covid-19.

Market Research Vision published latest Research Report on Global Canine Stem Cell TherapyMarket 2020. Research study explores economical impact of pandemic on Canine Stem Cell Therapyindustry Segment as follows:

By Important Manufacturers Aratana Therapeutics, Okyanos, Magellan Stem Cells, Stem Cell Vet, VetStem Biopharma, Medrego, Regeneus Ltd, MediVet Biologic, Cell Therapy Sciences

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In-Depth Report on Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market 2020|by Top Key players Aratana Therapeutics, Okyanos, Magellan Stem Cells, Stem Cell Vet - The...

Outlook for stem cell therapy – its role in tendon regeneration – different treatments for horse tendon injuries – Trainer Magazine

After a tendon injury occurs, horses need time off work with a period of box rest. Controlled exercise is then introduced, which is built up slowly to allow a very gradual return to work. This controlled exercise is an important element of the rehabilitation process, as evidence suggests that exposing the tendon to small amounts of strain has positive effects on the remodelling phase of tendon healing. However, depending on the severity of the initial injury, it can take up to a year before a horse can return to racing. Furthermore, when tendon injuries heal, they repair by forming scar tissue instead of regenerating the normal tendon tissue. Scar tissue does not have the same strength and elasticity as the original tendon tissue, and this makes the tendon susceptible to re-injury when the horse returns to work. The rate of re-injury depends on the extent of the initial injury and the competition level that the horse returns to, but re-injury rates of up to 67% have been reported in racing thoroughbreds. The long periods of rest and the high chance of re-injury therefore combine to make tendon injuries the most common veterinary reason for retirement in racehorses. New treatments for tendon injuries aim to reduce scar tissue formation and increase healthy tissue regeneration, thereby lowering the risk of horses having a re-injury and improving their chance of successfully returning to racing.

Over the past 15 years, the use of stem cells to improve tendon regeneration has been investigated. Stem cells are cells which have the remarkable ability to replicate themselves and turn into other cell types. Stem cells exist from the early stages of development all the way through to adulthood. In some tissues (e.g., skin), where cells are lost during regular turnover, stem cells have crucial roles in normal tissue maintenance. However, in most adult tissues, including the tendon, adult stem cells and the tendon cells themselves are not able to fully regenerate the tissue in response to an injury. In contrast, experimental studies have shown that injuries to fetal tissues including the tendon, are capable of undergoing total regeneration in the absence of any scarring. At the Animal Health Trust in Newmarket, we have an ongoing research project to identify the differences between adult and fetal tendon cells and this is beginning to shed light on why adult cells lead to tendon repair through scarring, but fetal cells can produce tendon regeneration. Understanding the processes involved in fetal tendon regeneration and adult tendon repair might enable new cell based and/or therapeutic treatments to be developed to improve tendon regeneration in adult horses.

In many tissues, including fat and bone marrow, there is a population of stem cells known as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These cells can turn into cells such as bone, cartilage and tendon in the laboratory, suggesting that they might improve tendon tissue regeneration after an injury. MSC-based therapies are now widely available for the treatment of horse tendon injuries. However, research has demonstrated that after injection into the injured tendon, MSCs do not turn into tendon cells. Instead, MSCs produce factors to reduce inflammation and encourage better repair by the tissues own cells. So rather than being the builders of new tendon tissue, MSCs act as the foreman to direct tissue repair by other cell types. Although there is some positive data to support the clinical application of MSCs to treat tendon injuries in horses, placebo controlled clinical trial data is lacking. Currently, every horse is treated with its own MSCs. This involves taking a tissue biopsy (most often bone marrow or adipose tissue), growing the cells for 2-4 weeks in the laboratory and then injecting them into the site of injury. This means the horse must undergo an extra clinical procedure. There is inherent variation in the product, and the cells cannot be injected immediately after an injury when they may be the most beneficial.

To allow the prompt treatment of a tendon injury and to improve the ability to standardise the product, allogeneic cells must be used. This means isolating the cells from donor horses and using them to treat unrelated horses. Experimental and clinical studies in horses, mice and humans suggest that this is safe to do with MSCs, and recently an allogeneic MSC product was approved for use in the EU for the treatment of joint inflammation in horses. These cells are isolated from the circulating blood of disease-screened donor horses and are partially turned into cartilage cells in the laboratory. They are then available off the shelf to treat unrelated animals. Allogeneic MSC products for tendon injuries are not yet available, but this would provide a significant step forward as it would allow horses to be treated immediately following an injury. However, MSCs exhibit poor survival and retention in the injured tendon and improvements to their persistence in the injury site, and with a better understanding of how they aid tissue regeneration, they are required to enable better optimised therapies in the future.

Our research has previously derived stem cells from very early horse embryos (termed embryonic stem cells, ESCs. Figure 2). ESCs can grow in the laboratory indefinitely and turn into any cell type of the body. These properties make them exciting candidates to provide unlimited numbers of cells to treat a wide range of tissue injuries and diseases. Our experimental work in horses has shown that, in contrast to MSCs, ESCs demonstrate high survival rates in the injured tendon and successfully turn into tendon cells. This suggests that ESCs can directly contribute to tissue regeneration.

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Outlook for stem cell therapy - its role in tendon regeneration - different treatments for horse tendon injuries - Trainer Magazine

The Dude Has Cancer: Five Things To Know About Lymphoma – Forbes

Jeff Bridges, son of the late Hollywood legend, Lloyd Bridges, and star of True Grit and Starman, ... [+] announced his diagnosis of lymphoma on October 20th, 2020.

Hollywood legend, Jeff Bridges, recently revealed his diagnosis of lymphoma. While the specific type of lymphoma was not disclosed, the beloved star of The Big Lebowski did post on Twitterwhile referencing the cult-classic character with which he is often identifiedthat his prognosis was good.

As fans around the world wished the Academy Award-winning star of Crazy Heart a speedy recovery, the unexpected diagnosis left many with questions about this relatively unusual but not uncommon cancer. With the help of Louis F. Diehl, MD, Professor of Medicine at Duke University Medical School and one of the most treasured mentors throughout my medical training, Ill review five key things to know about lymphoma.

Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system, which is part of the bodys immune system. The two main subtypes, Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL, a.k.a. Hodgkin disease) and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL), begin in a subset of white blood cells called lymphocytes which fight off infections.

NHL can be further classified by growth rate: indolent (slow-growing) cancers such as follicular lymphoma versus aggressive cancers like diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The type of lymphocyte affected is another way of categorizing NHL: B-cell lymphomas are most common and include DLBCL, Burkitt, follicular and mantle cell lymphoma; T-cell lymphomas include cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphomas.

Lymphoma and leukemia in many ways are the same disease, explains Dr. Diehl, who trained at Walter Reed Army Medical Center and has specialized in liquid tumors for nearly 40 years. The cell that goes bad and causes these diseases lives in the bone marrow, blood and lymph nodes.These bad cells can become cancer in any one of these locations and then spread. He added: If the most disease is in the blood, we call it leukemia; if the most disease is in lymph nodes, we call it lymphoma.

Burkitt's lymphoma cells. Computer illustration of malignant B-cell lymphocytes seen in Burkitt's ... [+] lymphoma.

According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), several risk factors have been associated with HL but the reasons are unknown. Epstein-Barr Virus, which causes infectious mononucleosis, a.k.a. mono; age, mostly young adults in their 20s and those over 55; and an impaired immune system (e.g. people with HIV) can increase the risk of HL. Risk factors for NHL include older age (over 60), white race, family history among first-degree relatives, autoimmune diseases (lupus, Sjgren) and certain infections (HTLV-1, EBV, HHV-8). But often, the true causes of lymphomas arent that clear.

Theres no known specific cause, says the Duke oncologist. But we see a connection in jobs with machine products, as well as fertilizers, Agent Orange and older hair dye products. Dr. Diehl adds that survivors of 9/11, particularly firefighters, are at risk for developing lymphomas by inhaling carcinogenic smoke released by burned synthetic and plastic materials.

Photo Essay At Nice University Hospital, Archet Hospital About Bone Marrow Donation, France. ... [+] Sampling Of Bone Marrow That Will Be Done In The Operation Room. The Puncture Is Done At The Level Of The Iliac Bone With A Mallarme Trocar. (Photo By BSIP/UIG Via Getty Images)

The most common symptoms reported by the Lymphoma Research Foundation include fever, fatigue, unintentional weight loss, night sweats, chills, shortness of breath, chest pain/pressure, lack of energy, swollen lymph nodes (often painless), easy bruising and bleeding, and frequent infections. Diagnostic tools start with a physical exam where your doctor will check for enlarged lymph nodes in your neck, underarm or groin. A biopsy of a lymph node or bone marrow must be performed in order to obtain tissue/cells which are sent for various tests to determine if lymphoma cells are present and if so, what type. Additional diagnostic tests including imaging (e.g. x-ray, CT, MRI, PET scan, ultrasound) and endoscopic procedures (e.g. bronchoscopy, colonoscopy, cystoscopy, laparoscopy).

Louis F. Diehl, MD, an army veteran who trained at Walter Reed Army Medical Center, is a medical ... [+] oncologist at Duke University Hospital and has been caring for patients with lymphomas and leukemias for nearly 40 years.

Treatment will depend on the type and stage of lymphoma. HL is often treated with chemotherapy (e.g. ABVD which consists of Doxorubicin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine and Dacarbazine); radiation therapy, where high-energy rays destroy cancer cells; immunotherapy which uses monoclonal antibodies to target a specific protein on the cancer cell; as well as stem cell transplantation. Surgery is rarely used to treat HL, except for biopsy and staging. Dr. Diehl is certainly optimistic about the trajectory of treatment, especially immune-based therapies.

If you look at the history of lymphoma treatment, we began by adding more and more drugs that were toxic to cancer cells but also to many healthy cells, referring to chemotherapy. The former 23-year army veteran reflected further:Over the last 20 years, clinicians and researchers have used the patients own immune system against the cancer. Monoclonal antibodies, for instance, specifically target a substance on cancer cells; other immunotherapies break down the cancer cells defense system. Andweve created linkers which attach T cells to cancer cells, then activate the former to kill the latter.

Woman with cancer has her infusion port flushed before undergoing chemotherapy.

For some patients, treatment completion can be both stressful and exciting. Its a relief to finish multiple rounds of chemo-radiation, but recurrence of the cancer can be worrisome. Some types of lymphoma may never be cured, warranting regular treatments to keep the cancer in check. Living with cancer long-term can be challenging and nerve-wracking. Post-treatment, your doctor will want to monitor you closely with physical exams, labs and imaging. In addition to recurrence, treatment side effects may appear after months or years. Your cancer care team should recommend a diet and physical activity plan. Remember, the mixture of depression, anxiety and stress is normal. When lymphoma is part of your life, emotional and psychological support can be immensely helpful. In Life After Cancer, the ACS shares many beneficial tips including counseling, support groups and spirituality.

Lymphoma and leukemia can affect children. Chemotherapy can lead to hair loss.

After nearly four decades caring for cancer patients, I asked my former mentor what if anything surprised him. Im still surprised by the complexity of the disease and the spirit of the patients. The average patient is one heck of a fighter. So tough. So gracious.

In light of caring for sick and dying patients in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, I reflected on President Trumps decision on January 28th, 2020 to withhold knowledge of the virulence and lethality of SARS-Cov2. His rationale? He didnt want to create a panic. Ten months later, the novel coronavirus has killed over 225,000 lives in the United States.

In this era of politicized public health, I asked Dr. Diehl, the ultimate empathic and evidence-based leader, about conveying difficult diagnoses an art he has mastered over his distinguished medical career. You cannot lie to a patient. Oncologists try to put on a positive spin, but its still the truth. This edict applies to our elected officials who should also not lie to the public, particularly about life and death issues impacting every aspect of our livelihood.

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The Dude Has Cancer: Five Things To Know About Lymphoma - Forbes

Pet Stem Cell Therapy – animalmedicalcenterofontario.com

Stem cell therapy is an innovative medical procedure that can be used to treat a number of diseases in pets. Its most commonly used to treat chronic conditions like arthritis and injuries to the ligaments, tendons, bones, joints, and spine.

Because stem cells are essentially blank slates that can be used to form any type of cell, they can regenerate damaged tissue in various parts of the body. At Animal Medical Center of Ontario, we use stem cells that are harvested from your pet's fat for their treatment.

Once the stem cells are collected, theyre injected directly into the injured area. From there, theyll gravitate to the damaged tissue, reduce pain and inflammation, and spur new tissue growth. Not all pets will benefit from stem cell therapy, but its generally safe and the risk of rejection is significantly reduced when the stem cells used come from that pet.

We work with Vet Stemto provide stem cell therapy to our patients. You can check out their website or give us a call at (419) 529-5052 to learn more about stem cell therapy and whether it is a good treatment option for your pets condition.

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Pet Stem Cell Therapy - animalmedicalcenterofontario.com

Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market Segments by Product Types, Manufacturers, Regions and Application Analysis to 2026 – Eurowire

TheCanine Stem Cell Therapy market research report offers a comprehensive analysis of market size, segmentation market growth, market share, competitive landscape, regional and country-level market size, the impact of Covid-19 on Canine Stem Cell Therapy industry & revenue pocket opportunities, sales analysis, impact of domestic and global market players, value chain optimization, new developments, M&A, opportunities analysis, strategic market growth analysis, product launches, area marketplace expanding, and technological innovations.

The meticulous data of the Canine Stem Cell Therapy market helps to know the current & future business situation. This report helps to take decisions for industry leaders include business professionals such as Chief Executive Officer (CEO), general managers, vice presidents, decision-makers and sales directors. The global Canine Stem Cell Therapy market showing promising growth opportunities over the forthcoming years.

The Canine Stem Cell Therapy market size is expected to grow at a CAGR of 9.3% in the forecast period of 2020 to 2026 and will expected to reach USD 240.7 Mn by 2026, from USD 118.5 Mn in 2018.

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Bragar Eagel & Squire, PC Reminds Investors That Class Action Lawsuits Have Been Filed Against Mesoblast, Loop Industries, Turquoise Hill…

NEW YORK, Oct. 21, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Bragar Eagel & Squire, P.C., a nationally recognized shareholder rights law firm, reminds investors that class actions have been commenced on behalf of stockholders of Mesoblast Limited (NASDAQ: MESO), Loop Industries, Inc. (NASDAQ: LOOP), Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd. (NYSE: TRQ), and Reata Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ: RETA). Stockholders have until the deadlines below to petition the court to serve as lead plaintiff. Additional information about each case can be found at the link provided.

Mesoblast Limited (NASDAQ: MESO)

Class Period: April 16, 2019 to October 1, 2020

Lead Plaintiff Deadline: December 7, 2020

Mesoblast develops allogeneic cellular medicines using its proprietary mesenchymal lineage cell therapy platform. Its lead product candidate, RYONCIL (remestemcel-L), is an investigational therapy comprising mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow. In February 2018, the Company announced that remestemcel-L met its primary endpoint in a Phase 3 trial to treat children with steroid refractory acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD).

In early 2020, Mesoblast completed its rolling submission of its Biologics License Application (BLA) with the FDA to secure marketing authorization to commercialize remestemcel-L for children with steroid refractory aGVHD.

On August 11, 2020, the FDA released briefing materials for its Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee (ODAC) meeting to be held on August 13, 2020. Therein, the FDA stated that Mesoblast provided post hoc analyses of other studies to further establish the appropriateness of 45% as the null Day-28 ORR for its primary endpoint. The briefing materials stated that, due to design differences between these historical studies and Mesoblasts submitted study, it is unclear that these study results are relevant to the proposed indication.

On this news, the Companys share price fell $6.09, or approximately 35%, to close at $11.33 per share on August 11, 2020.

On October 1, 2020, Mesoblast disclosed that it had received a Complete Response Letter (CRL) from the FDA regarding its marketing application for remestemcel-L for treatment of SR-aGVHD in pediatric patients. According to the CRL, the FDA recommended that the Company conduct at least one additional randomized, controlled study in adults and/or children to provide further evidence of the effectiveness of remestemcel-L for SR-aGVHD. The CRL also identified a need for further scientific rationale to demonstrate the relationship of potency measurements to the products biologic activity.

On this news, the Companys share price fell $6.56, or 35%, to close at $12.03 per share on October 2, 2020.

The complaint, filed on October 8, 2020, alleges that throughout the Class Period defendants made materially false and/or misleading statements, as well as failed to disclose material adverse facts about the Companys business, operations, and prospects. Specifically, defendants failed to disclose to investors: (1) that comparative analyses between Mesoblasts Phase 3 trial and three historical studies did not support the effectiveness of remestemcel-L for steroid refractory aGVHD due to design differences between the four studies; (2) that, as a result, the FDA was reasonably likely to require further clinical studies; (3) that, as a result, the commercialization of remestemcel-L in the U.S. was likely to be delayed; and (4) that, as a result of the foregoing, defendants positive statements about the Companys business, operations, and prospects were materially misleading and/or lacked a reasonable basis.

For more information on the Mesoblast class action go to: https://bespc.com/MESO

Loop Industries, Inc. (NASDAQ: LOOP)

Class Period: September 24, 2018 to October 12, 2020

Lead Plaintiff Deadline: December 14, 2020

On October 13, 2020, Hindenburg Research published a report alleging, among other things, that Loops scientists, under pressure from CEO Daniel Solomita, were tacitly encouraged to lie about the results of the companys process internally. The report also stated that Loops previous claims of breaking PET down to its base chemicals at a recovery rate of 100% were technically and industrially impossible, according to a former employee. Moreover, the report alleged that Executives from a division of key partner Thyssenkrupp, who Loop entered into a global alliance agreement with in December 2018, told us their partnership is on indefinite hold and that Loop underestimated both costs and complexities of its process.

On this news, the Companys share price fell $3.78, or over 32%, to close at $7.83 per share on October 13, 2020.

The complaint, filed on October 13, 2020, alleges that throughout the Class Period defendants made materially false and/or misleading statements, as well as failed to disclose material adverse facts about the Companys business, operations, and prospects. Specifically, defendants failed to disclose to investors: (1) that Loop scientists were encouraged to misrepresent the results of Loops purportedly proprietary process; (2) that Loop did not have the technology to break PET down to its base chemicals at a recovery rate of 100%; (3) that, as a result, the Company was unlikely to realize the purported benefits of Loops announced partnerships with Indorama and Thyssenkrupp; and (4) that, as a result of the foregoing, defendants positive statements about the Companys business, operations, and prospects were materially misleading and/or lacked a reasonable basis.

For more information on the Loop class action go to: https://bespc.com/Loop

Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd. (NYSE: TRQ)

Class Period: July 17, 2018 to July 31, 2019

Lead Plaintiff Deadline: December 14, 2020

Turquoise Hill is an international mining company focused on the operation and development of the Oyu Tolgoi copper-gold mine in Southern Mongolia (Oyu Tolgoi), which is the Companys principal and only material resource property. Turquoise Hills subsidiary, Oyu Tolgoi LLC, holds a 66% interest in Oyu Tolgoi, and the remainder is held by the Government of Mongolia.

Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited are operated and managed together as single economic unit and engage in mining and metals operations in approximately 35 countries. Through their subsidiaries, Rio Tinto owns 50.8% of Turquoise Hill. A Rio Tinto subsidiary, Rio Tinto International Holdings, Inc. (Rio Tinto International or RTIH; and collectively with Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited, Rio Tinto), is also the manager of the Oyu Tolgoi project, including having responsibility for its development and construction.

On July 31, 2019, Turquoise Hill issued a press release and Management Discussion & Analysis (MD&A) making further disclosures about the status of the project, including that Turquoise Hill took a $600 million impairment charge and a substantial deferred income tax recognition adjustment tied to the Oyu Tolgoi project, and that it suffered a loss in the second quarter. The next day, before the market open, Rio Tinto issued a release concerning in part the project status, including that it had also taken an impairment charge related to the Oyu Tolgoi project, of $800 million.

Following this news, on August 1, 2019, Turquoise Hills common stock price closed at $0.53 per share, down 8.62% from the prior days closing price of $0.58 per share.

The complaint, filed on October 15, 2020, alleges that throughout the Class Period defendants made materially false and misleading statements and omitted to disclose material facts regarding the Companys business and operations. Specifically, defendants made false and or misleading statements and/or failed to disclose that: (i) the progress of underground development of Oyu Tolgoi was not proceeding as planned; (ii) there were significant undisclosed underground stability issues that called into question the design of the mine, the projected cost and timing of production; (iii) the Companys publicly disclosed estimates of the cost, date of completion and dates for production from the underground mine were not achievable; (iv) the development capital required for the underground development of Oyu Tolgoi would cost substantially more than a billion dollars over what the Company had represented; and (v) Turquoise Hill would require additional financing and/or equity to complete the project.

For more information on the Turquoise Hill class action go to: https://bespc.com/TRQ

Reata Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ: RETA)

Class Period: October 15, 2019 to August 7, 2020

Lead Plaintiff Deadline: December 14, 2020

Reata is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company that develops novel therapeutics for patients with serious or life-threatening diseases by targeting molecular pathways that regulate cellular metabolism and inflammation.

Among Reatas drug candidates under development is omaveloxolone, which is in Phase 2 clinical development to treat Friedreich's ataxia (FA). Following the announcement of positive data from the MOXIe Part 2 study of omaveloxolone for FA inOctober 2019, the Company represented that it would seek submission for marketing approval of omaveloxolone for the treatment of FA in the U.S. with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

OnAugust 10, 2020, Reata issued a press release announcing its second quarter 2020 financial results, wherein it disclosed that the FDA is not convinced that the MOXIe Part 2 results of the Company's study assessing omaveloxolone for the treatment of FA will support a single study approval without additional evidence that lends persuasiveness to the results, and that, [i]n preliminary comments for [a] meeting, the FDA stated that [Defendants] will need to conduct a second pivotal trial that confirms the mFARS [modified Friedreich's Ataxia Rating Scale] results of the MOXIe Part 2 study with a similar magnitude of effect.

On this news, Reatas stock price fell$51.79per share, or 33.16%, to close at$104.41per share onAugust 10, 2020.

The Complaint, filed on October 15, 2020, alleges that throughout the Class Period defendants made materially false and misleading statements regarding the Companys business. Specifically, defendants made false and/or misleading statements and/or failed to disclose that: (i) the MOXIe Part 2 study results were insufficient to support a single study marketing approval of omaveloxolone for the treatment of FA in the U.S. without additional evidence; (ii) as a result, it was foreseeable that the FDA would not accept marketing approval of omaveloxolone for the treatment of FA in the U.S. based on the MOXIe Part 2 study results; and (iii) as a result, the Company's public statements were materially false and misleading at all relevant times.

For more information on the Reata class action go to: https://bespc.com/REATA

About Bragar Eagel & Squire, P.C.:Bragar Eagel & Squire, P.C. is a nationally recognized law firm with offices in New York and California. The firm represents individual and institutional investors in commercial, securities, derivative, and other complex litigation in state and federal courts across the country. For more information about the firm, please visit http://www.bespc.com. Attorney advertising. Prior results do not guarantee similar outcomes.

Contact Information:Bragar Eagel & Squire, P.C.Brandon Walker, Esq. Melissa Fortunato, Esq.Marion Passmore, Esq.(212) 355-4648investigations@bespc.comwww.bespc.com

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Bragar Eagel & Squire, PC Reminds Investors That Class Action Lawsuits Have Been Filed Against Mesoblast, Loop Industries, Turquoise Hill...

CRISPR Therapeutics Reports Positive Top-Line Results from Its Phase 1 CARBON Trial of CTX110 in Relapsed or Refractory CD19+ B-cell Malignancies |…

DetailsCategory: DNA RNA and CellsPublished on Wednesday, 21 October 2020 16:24Hits: 36

-50% (2/4) complete response (CR) rate at three months in the Dose Level 3 (DL3) cohort; both responders remain in CR-

-Early evidence of dose-dependent responses with CTX110-

-Acceptable safety profile at DL3 or below-

-Management to host webcast and conference call today at 8:30 a.m. ET-

ZUG, Switzerland and CAMBRIDGE, MA, USA I October 21, 2020 I CRISPR Therapeutics(Nasdaq: CRSP), a biopharmaceutical company focused on creating transformative gene-based medicines for serious diseases, today announced positive top-line results from the Companys ongoing Phase 1 CARBON trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of CTX110, its wholly-owned allogeneic CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD19+ B-cell malignancies.

We are highly encouraged by todays data, which demonstrate the promise of allogeneic therapies in treating hematological malignancies, said Samarth Kulkarni, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer of CRISPR Therapeutics. Over time, we believe CRISPR-edited allogeneic CAR-T has the potential to leapfrog autologous CAR-T and benefit much broader patient populations. We continue to enroll patients and look forward to additional data read-outs for this program as well as our other allogeneic CAR-T programs, CTX120 and CTX130, next year. We are grateful to the patients and investigators who have made this important research possible.

"From this early data read-out, CTX110 has shown dose-dependent efficacy and response rates that are comparable to the early autologous CAR-T trials. Furthermore, CTX110 had an acceptable safety profile, which could make CAR-Ts more widely accessible, said Joseph McGuirk, D.O., Professor of Medicine and Division Director of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics at the University of Kansas Medical Center and investigator in the Phase 1 CARBON trial of CTX110. While longer follow-up is required, these early data support the potential for CTX110 to become an effective off-the-shelf CAR-T therapy for patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies.

CARBON Trial OverviewThe Phase 1 CARBON trial is an open-label, multicenter study evaluating the safety and efficacy of CTX110 in adult patients with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma, who have received at least two prior lines of therapy. As of the September 28, 2020, data cutoff, 12 patients were enrolled and infused with CTX110. Data are reported for the 11 patients who had at least completed their one-month assessment as of the data cutoff date.

Patients were infused with CTX110 following three days of lymphodepletion using fludarabine (30mg/m2/day) and cyclophosphamide (500mg/m2/day). The primary endpoints include safety as measured by the incidence of dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) and overall response rate. Key secondary endpoints include duration of response, progression-free survival and overall survival.

Additional details may be found at clinicaltrials.gov, using identifier: NCT04035434.

Safety Data Overview Dose Levels 1 3 (n=10)No DLTs were observed. There were no cases of Graft-vs-Host Disease (GvHD) despite high HLA-mismatch between allogeneic CAR-T donors and patients. No infusion reactions to either lymphodepleting chemotherapy or CTX110 were observed. Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) occurred in three patients (30%) and in each case was Grade 2 or below and resolved with tocilizumab administration. One patient (10%) had Grade 2 Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS) that improved within 24 hours with standard interventions. Two additional serious adverse events (periorbital cellulitis and febrile neutropenia) occurred after CTX110 infusion, both of which resolved and were determined to be unrelated to disease progression or CTX110.

Dose Level 4 (n=1)One patient received Dose Level 4 of CTX110. On Day 5, the patient experienced Grade 2 CRS which resolved in 5 days. The PET/CT assessment at Day 25 showed the patient had achieved a complete response. The following day, the patient was hospitalized with febrile neutropenia and developed symptoms of short-term memory loss and confusion. The symptoms eventually progressed to significant obtundation that required intubation. He was initially treated for ICANS with steroids, anakinra and intrathecal chemotherapy without improvement. The patient was later found to have reactivation of HHV-6 and HHV-6 encephalitis and treated with antiviral therapy. The decision was made to withdraw supportive care and the patient died 52 days after CTX110 infusion.

Clinical Activity (n=11)Early evidence of dose-dependent anti-tumor activity was seen with CTX110. Disease assessment was performed by centralized independent radiological review according to the 2014 Lugano response criteria.

Conference Call and WebcastCRISPR Therapeuticswill host a conference call and webcast today at8:30 a.m. ET. The webcast will be made available on theCRISPR Therapeuticswebsite athttps://crisprtx.gcs-web.com/eventsin the Investors section under Events and Presentations. Following the live audio webcast, the presentation and replay will be available on the Company's website for approximately 30 days.

Dial-In InformationLive (U.S. /Canada): +1 (866) 3428588Live (International): +1 (203) 5189865Conference ID: 80521

About CTX110CTX110, a wholly owned program of CRISPR Therapeutics, is a healthy donor-derived gene-edited allogeneic CAR-T investigative therapy targeting cluster of differentiation 19, or CD19. CTX110 is being investigated in the CARBON trial.

About CARBONThe ongoing Phase 1 single-arm, multi-center, open label clinical trial, CARBON, is designed to assess the safety and efficacy of several dose levels of CTX110 for the treatment of relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies. CRISPR Therapeutics is the sponsor of the CARBON trial.

About CRISPR TherapeuticsCRISPR Therapeutics is a leading gene editing company focused on developing transformative gene-based medicines for serious diseases using its proprietary CRISPR/Cas9 platform. CRISPR/Cas9 is a revolutionary gene editing technology that allows for precise, directed changes to genomic DNA. CRISPR Therapeutics has established a portfolio of therapeutic programs across a broad range of disease areas including hemoglobinopathies, oncology, regenerative medicine and rare diseases. To accelerate and expand its efforts, CRISPR Therapeutics has established strategic partnerships with leading companies including Bayer, Vertex Pharmaceuticals and ViaCyte, Inc. CRISPR Therapeutics AG is headquartered in Zug, Switzerland, with its wholly-owned U.S. subsidiary, CRISPR Therapeutics, Inc., and R&D operations based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and business offices in San Francisco, California and London, United Kingdom. For more information, please visit http://www.crisprtx.com.

SOURCE: CRISPR Therapeutics

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CRISPR Therapeutics Reports Positive Top-Line Results from Its Phase 1 CARBON Trial of CTX110 in Relapsed or Refractory CD19+ B-cell Malignancies |...

Traumatic Brain Injury Therapeutics Market Highlights On Evolution 2026 – PRnews Leader

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be defined as injury to the brain caused due to a blow or jolt to the head resulting in damage to the brain cells and blood vessels. The injury that occurs at the moment of impact is known as primary injury. Primary injury can involve the entire brain or a specific lobe of the brain.

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Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability among many young individuals in most countries. Common causes of traumatic brain injuries are car or motorcycle crashes, sports injury, and assaults. Injuries can range from mild to concussions to severe or permanent brain damage.

Traumatic brain injuries can be categorized as mild, moderate, and severe brain injuries. In case of mild injury, the patient experiences a brief loss of consciousness. However, moderate and severe types involve long-time unconsciousness. In children, traumatic brain injury may not be encountered at the initial stage but can emerge in later development stages of life, which may lead to chronic behavior problems and social isolation.

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The number of deaths from traumatic brain injury stood at 14 to 30 per 100,000 of the population each year in the U.S. As estimated by the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC), every day 153 people die from traumatic brain injuries. According to a Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) report in 2013, 2.8 million TBI related emergency department visits, hospitalization, and deaths occurred in the U.S.

Diagnosis of TBI is majorly done by detailed neurological examination; brain imaging such as CT scan, MRI, and positron emission tomography (PET) scan; cognitive evaluation by neuropsychologist; etc. Mild traumatic injuries require no treatment other than rest and over-the-counter pain relievers to treat mild headaches. However, severe brain injury requires medications that include general anesthetics, antiviral drugs, anti-parkinsonism agents, atypical antipsychotic agents, etc.

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Extensive R&D activities and large number of clinical trials conducted worldwide in order to develop effective treatment therapies are projected to drive the traumatic brain injury drugs market during the forecast period. In addition, entry of some new molecular therapies such progesterone (BHR-100), cell therapy, and stem cell are projected to drive the market. However, low government funding for TBI research and delayed diagnosis are projected to restrain the traumatic brain injury drugs market.

The global traumatic brain injury drugs market can be segmented based on disease, drug, route of administration, distribution channel, and region. Based on disease, the traumatic brain injury drugs market can be categorized into concussion, diffuse axonal injury (DAI), and traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tSAH). In terms of drug, the traumatic brain injury drugs market can be categorized into osmotic diuretics, anticonvulsants, electrolytes, barbiturates, calcium channel blocker, stimulants, dopamine agonist, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, antispasticity medications, and N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor antagonists (NMDA antagonists). Based on route of administration, the global traumatic brain injury drugs market can be categorized into oral and injectable. The oral route is the preferred route of administration because of ease of administration. In terms of distribution channel, the global market can be segmented into online pharmacies, retail pharmacies, and hospital pharmacies.

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Based on region, the global traumatic brain injury drugs market can be divided into North America, Europe, Latin America, Asia Pacific, and Middle East & Africa. North America is expected to hold a significant share of global market from 2018 to 2026 due to higher mortality accounting for 30% of all deaths related brain injury. In addition, several pipeline agents in treatment of TBI are expected to fuel the global brain injury drugs market in the near future. Moreover, higher incidence of brain injury in regions such as Asia Pacific, North America, and Western Europe is expected to further drive the global brain injury drugs market.

Key players operating in the traumatic brain injury drugs market are Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Sanofi, Novartis AG, Pfizer Inc., Akorn pharmaceuticals, Arbor Pharmaceuticals, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Invagen pharms, Lupin, Apotex Inc., Mylan N.V., and Avanir Pharmaceuticals Inc. among others.

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Traumatic Brain Injury Therapeutics Market Highlights On Evolution 2026 - PRnews Leader

Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market: Know about Impact of Covid-19 by Top Companies like MediVet Biologic, VetStem Biopharma, Stem Cell Vet, Regeneus…

The latest report published by Zeal Insider provides an in-depth analysis on the Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market with actual market values for the years 2018 and 2019 along with forecast for a period from 2020 to 2028. Thereby, the report provides historic market figures for the years 2018 and 2019 and offers an insight into the impact of COVID-19 on the Canine Stem Cell Therapy market for the forecast period from 2020 to 2028. The purpose of this study is to provide a detailed overview on the Canine Stem Cell Therapy market in pre-COVID-19 conditions and further provide information of how the market has changed since the onset of the pandemic.

Key players profiled in the report includes:MediVet Biologic, VetStem Biopharma, Stem Cell Vet, Regeneus Ltd, Okyanos, Aratana Therapeutics

Request for a Sample Report of Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market: https://www.zealinsider.com/report/1356/canine-stem-cell-therapy-market#sample

The investigative report provides a detailed analysis of the Canine Stem Cell Therapy market covering several aspects such as market dynamics, growth drivers, restraining factors, opportunities, challenges and recent developments in the market. The study has been collated based on exhaustive secondary research after studying numerous industry publications, government reports, company news and press releases. Further, these findings are backed by detailed primary research after interviewing numerous key opinion leaders, market participants, end-users and various other stakeholders in the Canine Stem Cell Therapy market.

The research report provides a detailed analysis on the Canine Stem Cell Therapy market segmented on the basis of type, application, end-use and geography. Thereby, the report aims to provide granular information on the performance of various product types based on its applications and end-use across key market countries across the world. The idea behind the report is to provide its audience with actionable insights on which market segments are more profitable currently and others which offer growth opportunities during the forecast period from 2020 to 2028.

The report provides a detailed competitive landscape including company profiles for leading market participants in the Canine Stem Cell Therapy market. Some of the details included in the company profile are product/service offering, financial information, business strategies and recent developments, among others. Furthermore, the report provides an in-depth company mapping based on their market share, revenues, growth and geographic presence. Thereby, the report includes a detailed analysis of various companies operating across the globe. Leading companies covered in the report include MediVet Biologic, VetStem Biopharma, Stem Cell Vet, Regeneus Ltd, Okyanos, Aratana Therapeutics, among others.

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Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market Segmentation:

The report offers in-depth analysis of the Canine Stem Cell Therapy market based on various segments such as type, application and end-use industry. The Canine Stem Cell Therapy market is segmented as follows:

Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market, by Type:Allogeneic Stem Cells, Autologous Stem Cells

Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market, by Application:Veterinary Hospitals, Veterinary Clinics, Veterinary Research Institutes

Companies included in the Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market report:MediVet Biologic, VetStem Biopharma, Stem Cell Vet, Regeneus Ltd, Okyanos, Aratana Therapeutics

Geographic Coverage

The report on the Canine Stem Cell Therapy market provides a detailed country-level cross-sectional analysis across various regions around the globe. The report contains detailed market size and forecast for the following countries and regions:

North America Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market Revenue and Forecast

Europe Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market Revenue and Forecast

Asia Pacific Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market Revenue and Forecast

Latin America Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market Revenue and Forecast

Middle East and Africa Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market Revenue and Forecast

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This report provides an investigative analysis of the Canine Stem Cell Therapy market encapsulated in detailed sections such as

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Canine Stem Cell Therapy Market: Know about Impact of Covid-19 by Top Companies like MediVet Biologic, VetStem Biopharma, Stem Cell Vet, Regeneus...

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